When you have a wound—whether it’s from surgery, a pressure sore injury or a burn—your body needs extra protein to repair itself. Protein is made up of amino acids, which act like building blocks for new skin, muscle, and other tissues. Experts suggest people with wounds eat about 1 to 1.5 grams of protein per kilogram of body weight, and even more for large or deep wounds or serious burns. Older adults often have less muscle and may not eat enough protein, so it’s especially important for them to get enough.
Protein doesn’t just give you energy. It helps prevent muscle loss, keeps your skin strong, and supports your immune system. Specific amino acids like arginine and glutamine help your body make new collagen (the strong fibers in skin) and fight infection. If you don’t get enough protein, the cells that build new tissue work more slowly and new blood vessels form less easily. Chronic wounds can increase protein needs by up to 250%, and studies show that getting enough protein can reduce complications after surgery.
Some research suggests certain protein supplements can help wounds heal faster. In one study, mice given a supplement made of whey protein and tiny protein pieces (oligopeptides) had less inflammation and more of the natural chemicals that support healing, and their wounds moved through the healing stages more quickly.
To meet higher protein needs, talk with your healthcare provider about how much you should eat. Good sources include eggs, lean meat, fish, dairy products and soy. You can also boost protein by adding milk powder to cereal or mashed potatoes, tossing chopped meat into soups, or using a protein drink. Knowing why protein matters can help you make choices that support your body as it heals.